“批判性地评价芬尼斯试图构建一个基于实践理性的自然法理论的成功，而不是像传统主张的基于普遍道德观的自然法理论”。自然法则介绍。我们可以从简单社会的原始阶段追溯自然法的思想，在这些阶段，宗教与世俗(精神与物质)之间几乎没有区别。对这些早期社会的许多人来说，神和灵魂的精神世界被视为控制着包括人类社会在内的物质世界。这样的团体有各种各样的神和灵魂，从而产生了与物质世界的许多方面相关联的精神实体。这就产生了一种信念，认为有某种更高的力量控制着人类的存在，而这种力量是由一套规则或原则支配的，人类可以利用这些规则或原则来促进完美的存在。自然法理论的核心是法源于更高层次的法，而更高层次的法包含在一定的道德原则中。这些原则要么来源于宗教(通过圣经)要么来源于理性。按照神学家的说法，这些原则是在一个神或神的形象的控制和治理之下的，这个神或神的形象永远控制着所有的创造物。此外，他们认为，所有人的安排，包括法律，必须尽可能符合这些原则。世俗理论家认为，这些原则源于人的良知——一种道德观念，是所有人与生俱来的，也是他们本性的一部分。这些原则或规则是通过人类理性的应用而发现的，构成了法律制定的起源，构成了所有人类法律都必须遵循的更高一级的法律。
加拿大代写论文:自然法理论
“Critically assess the success of Finnis attempt to construct a theory of natural law based on practical reason and not on a universal view of morality as traditionally contended”. The Natural Law – Introduction. It is possible to trace Natural Law thinking from primitive stages of simple societies where there was very little distinction between the religious and the secular – the spiritual and the physical. For many of these early communities the spiritual world of gods and spirits was seen as being in control of the physical world including human society. Such communities had a variety of gods and spirits resulting in a spiritual entity associated with numerous aspects of the physical world. This gave rise to a belief that there was some higher power in control of human existence and this power was governed by a set of rules or principles which mankind could utilise in furtherance of a perfect existence.The kernel of the theory of Natural Law holds that law derives from a higher law, which is contained in certain principles of morality. These principles are sourced in either religion (through scriptures) or reason. According to theologians, these principles are under the control and governance of a God or figure of Deity and which eternally controls all of creation. Furthermore, it is their belief that all human arrangements, including law, must conform as far as possible to these principles. Secular theorists believe that such principles originate from man’s conscience – a conception of morality, which is inherent to all men, and part of their nature. Such principles or rules are discoverable through the application of human reason and form the genesis of law making, constituting the higher law from which all human laws must conform.
