就在一个多世纪以前,在这些前沿的西欧国家中存在的政府与今天所看到的截然不同。这场名为“法国大革命”的政治地震在法国有震源,但在欧洲大陆和遥远的殖民地,它的轰隆声都能感受到,这使得大多数欧洲国家的政治处于一种不断变化的状态。但预期收获的革命,消灭的君主制和法治、民主的不可或缺的元素,把它的时间去根深蒂固的在这些国家的政治体制,以及进化的一种形式的三个国家的政府很不一样了。如果拿破仑的到来影响了这三个国家,维也纳会议阻碍了法国和德国走向民主,那么所有这些国家的内部政治动态都是不同的。在英国,民主的品牌是混合的,改革的行为是民主道路上的里程碑。其他两国没有采取如此认真和精心准备的民主步骤。这主要是因为在19世纪的大部分时间里,法国一直在君主专制和专制统治之间徘徊,而在那个世纪的大部分时间里,德国是一个完全不同的国家。总而言之,在19世纪末的英国,一个国家已经拥有了很长时间的议会制民主制度,虽然在君主政体下是相当稳固的。其他两个人的情况也不一样;总的来说,德国的民主程度最低。造成这种差异的原因是本文的主干。
加拿大里贾纳代写论文:法国大革命
Just over a century ago, the kind of government that existed in these frontline western European states was a far cry from what is seen today. The political earthquake called the French Revolution had its epicentre in France, but its rumblings were felt through most of the continent, as well as in faraway colonies, leaving the politics of most European countries in a state of flux. But the intended harvest of this revolution, an obliteration of monarchy and the rule of law, the indispensable elements of a democracy, took its time to get ingrained in the political systems of these countries, and evolved as a form of government very differently in each of the three countries taken up in this paper. If the advent of Napoleon affected these three countries, and the Vienna Congress stunted France and Germany’s graduation to democracy, the internal political dynamics in all these countries were different from each other’s. In Britain, whose brand of democracy was mixed, the Reform Acts turned out to be milestones on the road to democracy. Such serious and well-intended steps to democracy were not taken in the other two countries. This is mainly because France kept seesawing between monarchy and autocracy through most of the 19th century, while Germany was a disparate state for most of that century. In sum, in Britain, by the end of the 19th century, a parliamentary democracy, which the nation had been having for a long time, was fairly well established, although under a monarchy. The same was not the case with the other two; in all, Germany enjoyed the least democracy. The reasons for this discrepancy form the backbone of this paper.