美国代写assignment:自杀的社会类型

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美国代写assignment:自杀的社会类型

想象一下,你早上醒来,喝一杯咖啡,然后进入你的车,让他们自由发挥,把你带到你的业务总部。或者想象一下你去探亲假,你驾驶你的汽车自动驾驶的汽车在高速公路上的道路,你按下一个按钮,然后管理宝座,其他乘客的方向并开始打牌或看电影与我,也许你的情人去底特律市,但它让你有足够的离开将旅行从迪拜到底特律。有一个技术射流能够带你穿越半个地球在约两个小时,所以你可以与这个人亲爱的Qbaksahih技术还远使我们进入机就像一瞬间在我们世界的另一个地方的拖车电话和移动度周末,最科学家认为,这样的梦想是不可能实现的。Â但我们会看到在我们的旅行中的革命使我们进入到世界各地,并在全球。

第一个变化开始针对最常见的和重要的旅游方式已经发生:汽车。汽车技术已经先进到如此地步,一些与三维地图包括实际的图片来帮助你达到你的吻的要求。也有安装在汽车摄像头让我们看到什么是直接在我们身后让我们睡意的警告标志,我们驾驶一辆车,或者如果我们不看路的两边我们平行的车从路径到另一个。Â也可控制技术在速度根据自身的交通状况、天气、以及一系列其他的娱乐设备。也有一种技术从一个地方航行到另一个声音,让我们在道路上识别。这Karl Brauer说,汽车网站Edmunds.com的邮件编辑器,跟踪的快速发展,在汽车的世界上发生,今天有系统的导航将允许你打印起始点的名称和接入点所需的则是让你通过图像和声音来吻你的命令,但它仍然是必须的开车。他补充说,这将改变最终,“会发生什么,我是我会去我的车,我会设置我的手,并以复杂的市场,例如,将推出汽车在预先编程的路线。

美国代写assignment:自杀的社会类型

Once he discovered that certain types of suicide could be accounted for by anomie, he could then use anomic suicide as an index for the otherwise unmeasurable degree of social integration. This was not circular reasoning, as could be argued, but a further application of his method of analysis. He reasoned as follows: There are no societies in which suicide does not occur, and many societies show roughly the same rates of suicide over long periods of time. This indicates that suicides may be considered a "normal," that is, a regular, occurrence. However, sudden spurts in the suicide rates of certain groups or total societies are "abnormal" and point to some perturbations not previously present. Hence. "abnormally" high rates in specific groups or social categories, or in total societies, can be taken as an index of disintegrating forces at work in a social structure.

Durkheim distinguished between types of suicide according to the relation of the actor to his society. When men become "detached from society," when they are thrown upon their own devices and loosen the bonds that previously had tied them to their fellow, they are prone to egoistic, or individualistic, suicide. When the normative regulations surrounding individual conduct are relaxed and hence fail to curb and guide human propensities, men are susceptible to succumbing to anomic suicide. To put the matter differently, when the restraints of structural integration, as exemplified in the operation of organic solidarity, fail to operate, men become prone to egoistic suicide; when the collective conscience weakens, men fall victim to anomic suicide.

In addition to egoistic and anomic types of suicide, Durkheim refers to altruistic and fatalistic suicide. The latter is touched upon only briefly in his work, but the former is of great importance for an understanding of Durkheim's general approach. Altruistic suicide refers to cases in which suicide can be accounted for by overly strong regulation of individuals, as opposed to lack of regulation. Durkheim argues in effect that the relation of suicide rates to social regulation is curvilinear--high rates being associated with both excessive individuation and excessive regulation. In the case of excessive regulation, the demands of society are so great that suicide varies directly rather than inversely with the degree of integration. For example, in the instance of the Hindu normative requirement that widows commit ritual suicide upon the funeral pyre of their husbands, or in the case of harikiri, the individual is so strongly attuned to the demands of his society that he is willing to take his own life when the norms so demand. Arguing from statistical data, Durkheim shows that in modern societies the high rates of suicide among the military cannot be explained by the deprivations of military life suffered by the lower ranks, since the suicide rate happens to be higher for officers than for enlisted men. Rather, the high rate for officers can be accounted for by a military code of honor that enjoins a passive habit of obedience leading officers to undervalue their own lives. In such cases, Durkheim is led to refer to too feeble degrees of individuation and to counterpose these to the excesses of individuation or de-regulation, which account, in his view, for the other major forms of suicide.

 

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