英文论文参考文献:公共服务广播
2005在英国广播状态一瞥就可能很容易让人认为新广播的风化形式出现在卫星电视、有线电视、数字电视、数字广播的世纪末，互联网等提供了整体的公共广播机构如英国广播公司已经过时：即他们现在恐龙留下的1920年代和1930年代广播这种观点的支持者Rupert Murdoch的诞生，其他媒体巨头和几个主要人物是杰出的例子，认为概念的“公共广播”是经济和哲学的古老而必须用资本主义的原则，促进质量企业竞争，因此更大的选择。在这些巨头和大臣们的意见，一个巨大的广播结构的存在，像英国广播公司把发明和创新，因此损害公共的和免费的媒体选择。此外，因为它们的体积和制度化的方法，这些公共广播公司不能充分应对在第二十一世纪广播最大的特点：技术的不断前进。
那些捍卫公共广播的理念以及其机构认为这样的广播是尚未在任何国家发明的最好的模型：为社会公众提供公正、政治、文化的平衡、教育电视和广播是免费的从企业和商业压力。此外，公共广播的捍卫者指出的资金机制的成功的组织，如英国广播公司（收入从许可费），其人道主义宪章和政治独立性。他们认为，促进公共利益的义务是当私人企业经营广播，闸门开启的操作每一种广播后，多余的广告和企业滥用，可想而知。本文考察了公共广播的陈旧争论双方，看着特别三的问题或关系的：国家与公共广播机构，独立于政府更大的控制，最后选择与公共广播。两个作品是具有开创性的重要性，这些调查，这些都是明确或隐式的，他们是：没有责任和大众媒体和社会的权力。
英文论文参考文献:公共服务广播
A casual glance at the state of British broadcasting in 2005 might easily lead one to think that the efflorescence of new broadcasting forms seen at the end of the twentieth-century from satellite television, cable television, digital television, digital radio, the internet and so on have rendered monolithic public broadcasting organizations such as the BBC obsolete: that is, they are now dinosaurs left behind from the birth of broadcasting in the 1920's and 1930's. Proponents of this view Rupert Murdoch, other media magnates and several leading politicians being pre-eminent examples argue that the notion of 'public broadcasting' is financially and philosophically antiquated and must be replaced with capitalist principles that promote mass corporate competition and therefore greater choice for the public. In the opinion of these magnates and ministers, the existence of a single massive broadcasting structure like the BBC smothers invention and innovation and therefore damages the public's choice of and access to free media. Moreover, because of their bulk and institutionalised methods, these public broadcasters cannot respond adequately to the greatest feature of broadcasting in the twenty-first century: the ceaseless march of technology.
Those who defend the idea of public broadcasting as well as its institutions argue that such broadcasting is the finest model that has yet been devised in any country: providing the public with impartial, apolitical, culturally balanced and educative television and radio that is free from corporate and commercial pressure. Moreover, the defenders of public broadcasting point to the success of the funding mechanism of organizations like the BBC (revenue from licence fees), its humanitarian charter and its political independence. They argue that once the obligation to promote public interest is removed from broadcasting as it is when private corporations run broadcasting that the floodgates are opened to every kind of manipulation, excess of advertising and corporate abuse that one can imagine. This essay examines the two sides of the argument about the obsolescence of public broadcasting, and looks at three questions or relationships in particular, those of: the State vs. public broadcasting institutions, independence vs. greater government control and finally choice vs. public broadcasting. Two works are of seminal importance for these investigations and these are either explicitly or implicitly referred to throughout, they are: Power Without Responsibility and Mass Media and Society.
